Kearifan Tempatan dalam Adat Kematian Masyarakat Melayu dari perspektif Uruf

Local Wisdom in Death Customs Among Malay Community from the 'URF Perspective

Authors

  • Muhammad Yusri Yusof @ Salleh UiTM Cawangan Perak
  • Mohd Anuar Ramli

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol21no1.303

Keywords:

Kearifan tempatan, pengetahuan tasit, pengetahuan tempatan, adat, hukum Islam, adat kematian

Abstract

Every community has its custom and tradition. They are formed by intellectuals of the society. Customs and traditions are basically, a habit that is widely practiced within a society. It becomes a guide and reference in the daily life of the community. In the practice of custom and tradition, the elements of local wisdom are derived from a pattern of thinking from a combination of knowledge and the practices of previous generation. Local wisdom can be referred as a series of information, guidance, and wisdom passed down from generation to generation as a life strategy that represents the advancement of thought and knowledge in a society. In theory of Uṣūl al-Fiqh, the discussion of customs and traditions is included in the discussion of ‘urf. ‘Urf is a collection of customs and traditions practiced, recognized and acknowledged by Syara'. Local wisdom is a product of intellectual property as a result of a combination of customary practices, traditions and guidance from revelation. This combination results in local wisdom which defines ‘urf sāhih and ‘urf fāsid. ‘Urf sāhih refers to acceptable ‘urf, meanwhile, ‘urf fāsid refers to ‘urf rejected by Islam. In this regard, this study focuses on local wisdom from the perspective of ‘urf and the conditions which make the local wisdom accepted by Syara'. In order to achieve the objective, this study applies a method of library research with reference to writings related to local wisdom and ‘urf. The collected qualitative data were analysed deductively to define the status of local wisdom based on the perspective of ‘urf. The findings of the study defined the status of local wisdom based on ‘urf sāhih, either to accept or reject, and local wisdom based on ‘urf fāsid are rejected in determining the Islamic law.

Abstrak

Setiap masyarakat punyai adat dan tradisi. Adat dan tradisi diwarnai oleh golongan cerdik pandai dalam masyarakat. Adat dan tradisi pada dasarnya ialah sesuatu kebiasaan yang dipraktikkan secara meluas dalam masyarakat. Ia menjadi pedoman dan rujukan dalam kehidupan seharian masyarakat lingkungan. Dalam amalan adat dan tradisi, terkandung unsur kearifan tempatan hasil corak pemikiran yang dicerakinkan daripada gabungan keilmuan dan pengamalan generasi terdahulu. Kearifan tempatan adalah serangkaian maklumat, petunjuk, dan kebijaksanaan yang diwariskan daripada generasi ke generasi sebagai satu strategi kehidupan yang melambangkan kemajuan pemikiran dan keilmuan dalam masyarakat. Dalam teori Usul fiqh, perbincangan berkaitan adat dan tradisi adalah termasuk dalam perbincangan Uruf. Uruf adalah sekumpulan adat dan tradisi yang dipraktikkan, diketahui dan diiktiraf oleh syara’. Kearifan tempatan adalah produk keintelektualan hasil daripada gabungan amalan adat, tradisi dan panduan daripada wahyu. Gabungan ini menghasilkan kearifan tempatan yang mencorakkan uruf sahih dan uruf fasid. Uruf sahih adalah uruf yang diterima, manakala uruf fasid adalah uruf yang ditolak daripada Islam. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini memfokuskan kedudukan kearifan tempatan daripada perspektif uruf dan syarat-syarat pengambilkiraan kearifan tempatan dalam uruf yang diterima oleh syara’. Bagi mencapai objektif tersebut, kajian ini mengaplikasi kajian kepustakaan sepenuhnya dengan merujuk kepada literatur berkaitan kearifan tempatan dan uruf. Data kualitatif yang dikumpulkan akan dianalisis kandungannya secara deduktif bagi merumuskan kedudukan kearifan tempatan daripada perspektif uruf. Hasil dapatan kajian ialah menunjukkan kearifan tempatan yang berasaskan uruf sahih diterima dan sebaliknya, kearifan tempatan yang berasaskan uruf fasid adalah tidak diterima dalam penfatwaan hukum syara’.

 

Kata kunci: Kearifan tempatan, uruf, sahih, fasid

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Published

2020-07-08

How to Cite

Yusof @ Salleh, M. Y., & Ramli, M. A. (2020). Kearifan Tempatan dalam Adat Kematian Masyarakat Melayu dari perspektif Uruf: Local Wisdom in Death Customs Among Malay Community from the ’URF Perspective. Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, 21(1), 21–37. https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol21no1.303

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