Pengurusan Institusi Zakat Berdasarkan Maqasid Syariah dan Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari (SDG)

Management of Zakat Institution Based on Maqasid Syariah And Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)

Authors

  • Azman Ab Rahman Timbalan Pengarah INFAD, iFFAH, USIM

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol0no0.282

Keywords:

Institusi Zakat, Maqasid Syariah, Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari (SGD)

Abstract

History notes that the administration of zakat institution during the time of Prophet Muhammad until the development of Islam has proven to be successful in its zakat management both in collection as well as in its distribution. Various methods and approaches were used to ensure that the zakat management went smoothly including an effective and efficient zakat distribution. There are several principles laid down by the Prophet Muhammad, the four caliphs and his companions in guiding the zakat management at that time. The approaches and principles practiced at that time have successfully assisted the management of zakat including amil in carrying out their duties either as a zakat collector or as a zakat distributor. Nowadays, zakat management is on the rise with new sources of income, new collection methods, as well as new zakat schemes which being offered. To ensure the sustainability of zakat institutions today, the maqasid syariah approach and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are seen as the best practical approach today. Therefore, the objectives of this study will be to discuss the concept of maqasid Syariah and SDG in general. This study will also focus on maqasid syariah and SDG approaches in the governance of zakat institutions including the distribution of zakat. This qualitative study uses documentation and observation methods. The results show that the maqasid syariah and SDG approaches can be used as a guide and reference in the governance of zakat institutions in Malaysia. The study also found that generally the zakat distribution scheme provided by the Federal Territory Islamic Religious Council (MAIWP) is currently in line with the maqasid syariah and the SDG. Further research can be done by reviewing and researching on zakat management in the states of Malaysia including the zakat distribution scheme based on the maqasid syariah and SDG approaches.

Abstrak

Sejarah telah mencatatkan bahawa tadbir urus institusi zakat pada zaman Nabi Muhammad SAW sehingga perkembangan Islam telah membuktikan kejayaan dalam pengurusan zakat sama ada dalam konteks kutipan dan agihan zakat. Pelbagai kaedah dan pendekatan yang digunakan dalam memastikan pengurusan zakat berjalan dengan lancar termasuk pengagihan zakat yang cekap dan efisien. Terdapat beberapa prinsip yang telah diletakkan oleh Nabi Muhammad SAW, khalifah yang empat dan para sahabat dalam memacu pengurusan zakat ketika itu. Pendekatan dan prinsip yang diamalkan ketika itu telah berjaya membantu pengurusan zakat termasuk amil dalam menjalankan tugas mereka sama ada sebagai pengutip zakat mahupun pengagih zakat. Kini, pengurusan zakat semakin berkembang dengan wujudnya pelbagai sumber pendapatan baharu, kaedah kutipan yang baharu termasuk skim-skim zakat yang ditawarkan. Bagi memastikan kelangsungan institusi zakat pada masa kini, pendekatan maqasid syariah dan Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari (SDG) dilihat pendekatan yang terbaik yang boleh dilaksanakan pada hari ini. Justeru, objektif kajian ini akan membincangkan secara umum konsep maqasid syariah dan SDG. Kajian ini juga akan memfokuskan kepada pendekatan maqasid syariah dan SDG dalam tadbir urus institusi zakat termasuk pengagihan zakat. Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini menggunakan kaedah dokumentasi dan pemerhatian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa pendekatan maqasid syariah dan SDG boleh dijadikan asas sebagai panduan dan rujukan dalam tadbir urus institusi zakat di Malaysia. Kajian juga mendapati bahawa secara umumnya skim pengagihan zakat yang disediakan oleh Majlis Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan (MAIWP) selari dengan maqasid syariah dan SDG. Kajian lanjutan boleh dilaksanakan dengan melakukan semakan dan penelitian terhadap pengurusan zakat di negeri-negeri di Malaysia termasuk skim agihan zakat berdasarkan pendekatan maqasid syariah dan SDG.

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Published

2019-09-30

How to Cite

Ab Rahman, A. (2019). Pengurusan Institusi Zakat Berdasarkan Maqasid Syariah dan Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari (SDG): Management of Zakat Institution Based on Maqasid Syariah And Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, 17(2), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol0no0.282

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