Decoding Halal Fatwas: Unveiling Temporal Patterns, Jurisprudential Networks, And Hierarchical Dynamics Of DSN-MUI’S Halal Product Rulings In Indonesia

Muhamad Subhi Apriantoro; Aprilia Nurjanah; ‘Azizah Fathma

doi:10.33102/jfatwa.vol31no2.749

Authors

Muhamad Subhi Apriantoro Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Department of Islamic Economics Laws, Surakarta, INDONESIA
Aprilia Nurjanah Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Department of Islamic Economics Laws, Surakarta, INDONESIA
‘Azizah Fathma Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Department of Islamic Economics Laws, Surakarta, INDONESIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol31no2.749

Keywords:

halal products, Islamic legal sources, jurisprudential maxims, network analysis, fatwa complexity

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the evolution of fatwa issuance by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) from 1976 to 2024, focusing on identifying thematic trends, the application of legal maxims (al-qawāʿid al-fiqhiyyah), and the methodological depth of its rulings. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative trend analysis, thematic categorization, and legal-maxim analysis. Data were collected from 67 fatwas and ijtima’ decisions sourced from official DSN-MUI documents. Quantitative analysis was used to map the number of fatwas per year, while qualitative content analysis was applied to classify fatwas into thematic categories and examine the use of legal maxims and scholarly references in them. Network analysis was also conducted to identify the central scholars in the DSN-MUI jurisprudential framework. The findings reveal a significant shift in the DSN-MUI’s fatwa output, from minimal activity (1976–1999) to a dramatic increase in the 2010s, peaking in 2021 with nine fatwas. Thematically, the focus shifted from traditional social issues to complex contemporary topics like biotechnology, stem cells, and halal certification. The maxims al-ashlu fi al-ashya’ al-ibahah and al-darurat tubih al-mahzurat were most frequently invoked, especially in medical and biotech fatwas. Network analysis identifies Wahbah Zuhayli and Sayyid Sabiq as central scholarly references, reflecting a jurisprudential blend of classical and modern authorities in shaping contemporary Islamic rulings in Indonesia. These findings highlight the growing role of DSN-MUI as a regulatory and normative authority in the halal industry and public health. The results suggest that religious institutions must maintain methodological rigour and transparency in fatwa formulation to ensure public trust and effective policy integration.

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