Human Skin Bank In Malaysia: Addressing Clinical Demands Through Islamic Shariah Perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol30no3.700Keywords:
Skin bank, medical needs, Islamic contemporary, MalaysiaAbstract
Human skin transplantation plays a critical role in modern medical practice, particularly in the treatment of burn injuries, chronic wounds, and dermatological conditions. The establishment of human skin banks has revolutionised the accessibility and quality of skin grafts for these applications. However, the operation of these banks, particularly in regions with a significant Muslim population like Malaysia, raises ethical and Islamic legal questions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the role and significance of human skin banks in modern medical practice, address the medical needs that human skin banks fulfil, delves the ethical and legal dimensions of their operation in accordance with Islamic principles. The study used a library-based methodology and collected data from various sources, including books, websites, and journals. A review of existing literature is conducted to understand the medical importance of skin banks and to explore the existing legal and ethical frameworks. Legal analyses are performed to determine the alignment of human skin banking with Islamic legal principles. The finding highlights the importance of aligning human skin banks with Islamic principles to ensure ethical and legal acceptability in order to implement human skin banks. It emphasises the need for comprehensive guidelines and legal frameworks that respect the rights and values of donors and recipients while integrating skin banking into the healthcare system. This review contributes to the discourse on the operation of human skin banks in predominantly Muslim regions, addressing ethical and legal concerns. It provides valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare practitioners, and scholars seeking to harmonise medical needs with Islamic principles. The expanding field of medical technology should be taken advantage of in order to safeguard the Maqasid of Sharia, especially all the concepts of Daruriyat, Hajiyat, and Tahsiniyat.
Downloads
References
Abdurezak Abdulahi, H. (2015). Ethical Canons of Organ Transplantation from Islamic Perspective: A Brief Review. Revelation and Science, 5(2). Retrieved from https://journals.iium.edu.my/revival/index.php/revival/article/view/158
Al-ʿAsqalānī, I. H. (1421 AH). Fatḥ al-Bārī Sharḥ Ṣahīḥ al-Bukhārī. Riyadh: Dār al- Salām.
Ali, A., Ahmed, T., Ayub, A., Dano, S., Khalid, M., El-Dassouki, N., Orchanian-Cheff, A., Alibhai, S., & Mucsi, I. (2020). Organ donation and transplant: The Islamic perspective. Clinical transplantation, 34(4), e13832. https://doi.org/10.1111/ctr.13832
Al-Quran. Retrieved from https://quran.com/
Al-Zūḥaylī M. (2006). Al-Qawā’id al- fiqhiyyah wa taṭbiqātuhā fī al-madhāhib al-arba‘ah. Damascus, Syria: Dar al-Fikr.
Braza, M. E., & Fahrenkopf, M. P. (2023). Split-Thickness Skin Grafts. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.
Cai, L., Long, C., Karki, B. et al. (2017). Creation of Nepal's First Skin Bank: Challenges and Outcomes. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 5(11), e1510. https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000001510
Chem, E.M., Pretto, L., Souza, A.F.D., Neto, A.S.P. (2018). Human Skin Bank. In: Bonamigo, R.,Dornelles, S. (eds) Dermatology in Public Health Environments. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33919-1_53
Darwish, Abdou. 2011. ‘Indications of Skin Graft’. Skin Grafts - Indications, Applications and Current Research. InTech. doi:10.5772/21916.
Goldminz, D., & Bennett, R. G. (1991). Cigarette smoking and flap and full-thickness graft necrosis. Archives of dermatology, 127(7), 1012–1015.
Gupta, S., Mohapatra, D. P., Chittoria, R. K., Subbarayan, E., Reddy, S. K., Chavan, V., Aggarwal, A., & Reddy, L. C. (2019). Human Skin Allograft: Is it a Viable Option in Management of Burn Patients?. Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery, 12(2), 132–135. https://doi.org/10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_83_18
Hehsan, M.R. & Shukeri, W.F.W.M. (2021). A Review on Decision Protocol and Fatwa in Malaysia Discussing Issue of Withholding and Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment in Intensive Care Unit. (2021). Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law, 9(2), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol9no2.296
Hehsan, MR. (2014). Q&A Fiqh Perubatan. PTS Publisher.
Hehsan, MR. (2023). Fatwa-Fatwa Perubatan di Malaysia. Penerbit USIM.
Heidarzadeh, M. , Same, K. , Nia, F. , Khavari, F. , Shahabi, S. , Nabian, M. and Mohammadabadi, S. (2023) Regenerative Medicine: A Review of Solutions in the Treatment of Skin Defects. Open Journal of Regenerative Medicine, 12, 97-113. doi: 10.4236/ojrm.2023.122007.
Heng, W. L., Wang, Q. W., Sornarajah, R., Tremblay, J., Putri, N. M., Hamid, S. S. A., Pungrasmi, P., Wang, H. J., Kim, D. C., Saito, D., Nguyen, N. L., Sulaiman, W. A. W., Wardhana, A., Puri, V., Matsumura, H., Dai, N. T., Ahuja, R. B., Luo, G., He, W., Chong, S. J., … Chua, A. W. C. (2020). A Review of Skin Banking Guidelines and Standards Worldwide: Towards the Harmonization of Guidelines for Skin Banking in Therapeutic Applications for the Regions under the Asia Pacific Burn Association (APBA). Burns & trauma, 8, tkaa019. https://doi.org/10.1093/burnst/tkaa019
Ismail Ghari Marhaba. (2007). Al-Bunuk Tibbiyyah Wa Ahkamuha Al-Fiqhiyyah. Dar Ibnu al-Jauzi, Arab Saudi.
Jin, R., Luo, L., & Zheng, J. (2022). The Trinity of Skin: Skin Homeostasis as a Neuro-Endocrine-Immune Organ. Life (Basel, Switzerland), 12(5), 725. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12050725
Kagan, R. J., Robb, E. C., & Plessinger, R. T. (2005). Human skin banking. Clinics in laboratory medicine, 25(3), 587–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2005.06.008
Kearney J. N. (2005). Guidelines on processing and clinical use of skin allografts. Clinics in dermatology, 23(4), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2004.07.018
Kenan, Y., Hamdi, A., & Tenekeci, G. (2011). Skin Graft Harvesting and Donor Site Selection. InTech. doi: 10.5772/21957
Leal-Khouri, S.M., Grummer, S.E. (2012). Skin Grafting. In: Nouri, K. (eds) Mohs Micrographic Surgery. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2152-7_34
MA, H. ., R, M. A. ., H, . A. ., AR, N. N. H. ., MS, M. F. ., & M, S. A. . (2021). The Application of Maqasid-Oriented Approach in Islamic Bioethics: A Case Study on Fatwa Related to Cosmetic, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v20i1.1781
MacNeil S. (2007). Progress and opportunities for tissue-engineered skin. Nature, 445(7130), 874–880. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05664
Malaysian Medical Council. (2018). Code of Professional Conduct for Medical Practitioners. Retrieved from https://www.mmc.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/documents/PROFESSIONAL%20CONDUCT%20FOR%20MEDICAL%20PRACTITIONERS%20BOOKLET%20-%20NOVEMBER%202018.pdf
Martínez-Flores, F., Sandoval-Zamora, H., Machuca-Rodriguez, C., Barrera-López, A., García-Cavazos, R., & Madinaveitia-Villanueva, J. A. (2016). Banco de piel y tejidos: un modelo operativo para la recuperación y preservación de aloinjertos de piel y tejidos [Skin and tissue bank: Operational model for the recovery and preservation of tissues and skin allografts]. Cirugia y cirujanos, 84(1), 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.circir.2015.06.021
Megahed, M. A., Elkashity, S. A., Talaab, A. A., & AboShaban, M. S. (2021). The Impact Of Human Skin Allograft As A Temporary Substitute For Early Coverage Of Major Burn Wounds On Clinical Outcomes And Mortality. Annals of burns and fire disasters, 34(1), 67–74.
Muhsin S. M. (2022). Medical Confidentiality Ethics: The Genesis of an Islamic Juristic Perspective. Journal of religion and health, 61(4), 3219–3232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01313-7
Nather, A., Mandy, F. S. Y., Ning, T., & Kaiying, W. (2018). Tissue banking in Asia Pacific region: past, present and future. Cell and tissue banking, 19(2), 229–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-018-9697-y
Nguyen, A. V., & Soulika, A. M. (2019). The Dynamics of the Skin's Immune System. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(8), 1811. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081811
Padela, A. I., & Auda, J. (2020). The Moral Status of Organ Donation and Transplantation Within Islamic Law: The Fiqh Council of North America's Position. Transplantation direct, 6(3), e536. https://doi.org/10.1097/TXD.0000000000000980
Prohaska J, Cook C. Skin Grafting. [Updated 2023 Aug 16]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532874/
Retrieved from
Shimizu, R., & Kishi, K. (2012). Skin graft. Plastic surgery international, 2012, 563493. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/563493
Simman R. (2009). Wound closure and the reconstructive ladder in plastic surgery. The journal of the American College of Certified Wound Specialists, 1(1), 6–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcws.2008.10.003
Staud, C. J., Resch, A., Christ, A., Borger, A., Zaussinger, M., Teufelsbauer, M., Worel, N., et al. (2023). Skin Bank Establishment in Treatment of Severe Burn Injuries: Overview and Experience with Skin Allografts at the Vienna Burn Center. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(14), 4717. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144717
Tognetti, L., Pianigiani, E., Ierardi, F., Mariotti, G., Perotti, R., Di Lonardo, A., … Fimiani, M. (2017). Current insights into skin banking: storage, preservation and clinical importance of skin allografts. Journal of Biorepository Science for Applied Medicine, Volume 5, 41–56. https://doi.org/10.2147/bsam.s115187
Tottoli, E. M., Dorati, R., Genta, I., Chiesa, E., Pisani, S., & Conti, B. (2020). Skin Wound Healing Process and New Emerging Technologies for Skin Wound Care and Regeneration. Pharmaceutics, 12(8), 735. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12080735
Web Source:
Penggunaan graf Tisu Dalam Amalan Perubatan. Retrieved from http://e-smaf.islam.gov.my/e-smaf/fatwa/fatwa/find/pr/15241
Pelupusan Anggota, Tisu Dan Janin Orang Islam. Retrieved from http://e-smaf.islam.gov.my/e-smaf/fatwa/fatwa/find/pr/15444
Pelupusan Anggota, Tisu Dan Janin Orang Islam. Retrieved from http://e-smaf.islam.gov.my/e-smaf/fatwa/fatwa/find/pr/16181
Pelupusan Anggota, Tisu Dan Janin Orang Islam. Retrieved from http://e-smaf.islam.gov.my/e-smaf/fatwa/fatwa/find/pr/15795
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhamad Rafiqi Hehsan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of this article will be vested to author(s) and granted the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, unless otherwise stated.
How to Cite
