DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MUI AND LBM NU FATWAS ON THE SUITABILITY OF SACRIFICIAL ANIMALS INFECTED WITH FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE (FMD) VIRUS IN INDONESIA
Authors
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Nur Solikin
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Hilmi Ridho
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Nur Rohman
Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said, Surakarta, Indonesia
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Wahyudi
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Alfi Qonita Badi'ati
Universitas Islam Negeri Salatiga, Salatiga, Indonesia
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Khoirul Anwar
Universitas Ibrahimy, Situbondo, Indonesia
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Afif Sabil
Universitas Ibrahimy, Situbondo, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol31no3.765Keywords:
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), MUI Fatwa, LBM NU, Sacrificial AnimalsAbstract
The objective of this study is to examine in depth the reasons behind the differences in the decisions of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Fatwa No. 32 of 2022 and the Nahdlatul Ulama's Bahtsul Masail Institute (LBM NU) regarding the suitability of sacrificial animals infected with the Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) virus. In addition, it aims to theoretically examine the benefits (ḥikmah) of the differences in opinion between the MUI and LBM NU, which are considered religious authorities by the Indonesian people, and preventive measures to combat the FMD outbreak. This study uses normative legal research by applying a comparative approach that aims to compare the methods of determining the law (istinbāṭ al-aḥkām) and opinions on the law of sacrifice with animals infected with the FMD virus according to the MUI fatwa and the results of the LBM NU decision. The results of this study indicate that the differences in the fatwas issued by the MUI and LBM NU regarding the suitability of sacrificial animals infected with Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) are influenced by the differing information provided by the expert panels (khubarā`) from each of these two institutions. These differences in information significantly influence the issuance of fatwas, as legal rulings follow the information provided. Consequently, the MUI ruled that animals infected with FMD exhibiting mild clinical symptoms are permissible for slaughter, whereas those with severe clinical symptoms are not permissible. Meanwhile, LBM NU decided that animals infected with FMD exhibiting clinical symptoms—even if mild—are not permitted to be slaughtered. Prevention and control of the FMD virus can be achieved through vaccination, strengthening biosecurity measures, restricting the movement and trade of animals, early warning and surveillance systems, and enhancing education and awareness among livestock farmers. The fatwas issued by the MUI and the LBM NU have a significant impact on Muslims in Indonesia, serving as moral guidelines for the practice of religious rituals. The differences between them lie in the scope of their authority, their methodologies for issuing legal rulings, and their fiqh foundations. The MUI issues fatwas on a national scale and often serves as the official reference for Islamic law in Indonesia; however, these fatwas are not legally binding because they do not constitute legislation. Meanwhile, LBM NU issues legal rulings based on classical texts from the four schools of thought, which serve only as guidelines for worship and law for NU members (nahḍiyyīn) themselves. The differences of opinion between MUI and LBM NU contribute to a better understanding of religious moderation, namely that behind the differences of opinion among scholars lies rukhṣah (leniency) in worship.
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