Journal of Fatwa Management and Research

Application Of FMEA Method In Halal Risk Determination On Halal Poultry Slaughtering Operations

Mohd Hasli Ramli — 2024-09-30

The importance of halal slaughtered chicken has become crucial in the era of globalization and complex supply chains. The rising awareness among Muslim communities regarding the integrity of slaughtered chicken products has led to a focus on adhering to halal compliance standards and Islamic law. This study aims to qualitatively analyze the halal risk points in chicken slaughtering operations, by using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method, in order to identify potential halal risks and ensure the integrity of halal chicken products. This qualitative study uses a analysis approach by examining secondary sources including journals, articles, guidelines and standards related to halal slaughtering process. In this study, seven Halal Risk Points (HRP) have been identified in the entire halal slaughtering process of broilers. Based on the results of the risk assessment through the FMEA method, each determined HRP will be assessed based on the severity, occurrence and detection rating scale. The final result of this study found that only six HRPs have a Risk Priority Number (RPN) value that exceeds 100. Therefore, corrective action recommendations are proposed to prevent any halal non-compliance from occurring on the process involved. Overall, the FMEA framework in this study is a new approach in guaranteeing the integrity of chicken slaughter products and is able to have a positive impact on the halal chicken slaughter industry players and also the implementers of the halal management system.

Hadith Preservation: Techniques And Contemporary Efforts

Haruna Babatunde Jaiyeoba — 2024-09-30

Hadith is an important source of Islamic teachings. The method of Hadith preservation during the time of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and after his demise has constantly been criticised by Orientalists and critics of Islam. Most of their objections emphasise that Hadith could not have been accurately transmitted orally over a century. Thus, conducting research on how Hadith has been preserved is crucial, particularly to remind the critics that Allah’s (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) promise to protect His Book is not limited to the Qur’an, but also extends to the Hadith, which explains the meanings of the Qur’an. Additionally, it is crucial to continuously discuss the painstaking efforts that went into Hadith preservation, which make Muslims believe with absolute certainty that Hadith were accurately preserved. On this basis, this article discusses the multifaceted landscape of Hadith preservation by exploring the techniques employed and contemporary efforts in preserving this rich Islamic heritage. Relevant books, academic journal articles, lecture notes, and webpages were reviewed in writing this article. The three main techniques that played a significant role in preserving Hadith are memorisation, the principle of practice, and documentation. Moreover, the contemporary efforts that contributed to Hadith preservation include the massive publication of academic books and journals on Hadith, the establishment of faculties in major universities that offer Hadith studies as a specialised academic program, the increase in comparative jurisprudence studies that refer to Hadith as one of the most important references, the need to respond to Orientalist theories on Hadith, and the advent of digital technology.

Application of Guarantee contracts in Islamic Financial Transaction: Analysis of BNM and AAIOFI

Saheed Busari — 2024-09-30

A guarantee (Kafalah) is considered an effective Islamic finance contract aimed at providing assurance and security by having a third party; the guarantor, commit to fulfilling the financial obligations of the debtor in case of default. However, Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) policy document considered guarantee as the term (kafālah) while the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAIOFI) considered it as the term Damān. The term guarantee falls within the category of non-compensatory contract in classical Islamic financial contracts whereby there are no returns or compensation available for contracts like benevolence loans (Qard), gifts (Tabarru/Hibah), guarantee (Kafalah), and assignment of debt (Hawalah). In the modern financial setting, this might not fulfill one of the objectives of Islamic financial institutions to offer services for profit. This study explores the application of Guarantee (Kafalah) as a non-compensatory and noncommutative contract, falling under the category of Uqud Ghair Mua’wadha in Islamic Financial Institutions. Contracts such as benevolence loans (Qard), gifts (Tabarru/Hibah), guarantees (Kafalah), and assignment of debt (Hawalah) are characterized by the absence of return or compensation.

This study uses the doctrinal approach of the qualitative method in exploring juristic meaning, justification, and implications of the shariah terms. It analyses the sustainable implication of its application in contemporary Islamic finance institutions between BNM and AAIOFI. This study found that despite the classical implication of guarantee as a non-compensatory contract guarantee contracts cannot yield a direct profit; yet can generate income through, Wakālah (agency fee), such as issuing LCs guarantees. These may be charged based on expenses incurred, potentially in amount-based (possibly slabs) but not time-based structures. The finding shows that the comparative analysis of regulatory frameworks by BNM and AAIOFI underscores the challenges of harmonizing global standards with local contexts, highlighting the necessity for ongoing dialogue and collaboration to ensure coherence and adaptability in Islamic finance regulation.

Perspectives On The Use Of Qiyas Between Imam Bukhari And Imam Syafie

M. Qamarulzaman M. Zani — 2024-09-30

The issue of applying fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) in today's society highlights the need for a method that can harmonize the adaptation of Quranic and Hadith texts with changing times. Qiyas (analogical reasoning) is considered effective, especially in addressing new and complex issues where clear guidance from the Quran and Sunnah is lacking. Without Qiyas, Islamic law would struggle to keep up with evolving customs and modern dynamics. Since Qiyas is one of the key method today, alternative approaches are needed to assist in forming ijtihad (independent reasoning) to resolve new legal issues. This study aims to explain the differences and similarities in the use of Qiyas in ijtihad by Imam Bukhari and Imam Syafi'e through a qualitative analysis of relevant books and articles. The findings reveal that Imam Bukhari's use of Qiyas was limited to Qiyas Jali (clear analogy), while Imam Syafi'e also favored Qiyas Jali and rejected Qiyas Khafiy (hidden analogy), aligning with Imam Bukhari's approach despite differences in their Usul Fiqh methods. This study provides a new perspective differences opinion on Qiyas, offering insights into its use in ijtihad and opening alternative opportunities from Imam Bukhari's perspective, which can be considered alongside Imam Syafi'e's approach in modern discussions of Islamic law.

Amalan Wakalah Pengurusan Zakat di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia

Azman Ab Rahman — 2024-09-30

Kewujudan unit pengurusan zakat IPT dan pelantikan amil IPT telah meningkatkan keberkesanan kutipan dan agihan zakat di Malaysia. Pelantikan amil IPT adalah sesuai dengan kedudukan mereka yang lebih dekat dengan kelompok pembayar dan penerima zakat di IPT. Justeru, artikel ini akan memfokuskan kepada amalan wakalah pengurusan zakat institusi pengajian tinggi di Malaysia. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan kaedah dokumentasi dan pemerhatian bagi mencapai objektif kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa amalan wakalah melibatkan kerjasama di antara institusi zakat dengan IPT yang terpilih. Pelaksanaannya adalah tertakluk kepada syarat-syarat dan garis panduan yang telah ditetapkan oleh institusi zakat negeri masing-masing. Kajian ini amat penting untuk dijadikan panduan model pelaksanaan wakalah dalam pengurusan zakat khususnya di institusi pendidikan di Malaysia.

Peraturan Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia 2022: Ulasan Terhadap Pindaan Jawatankuasa Muzakarah Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Agama Islam

Ahmad Tarmizi Mahmud — 2024-09-30

Abstrak

Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Agama Islam (MKI) merupakan satu entiti yang ditubuhkan oleh Majlis Raja-Raja pada 17 Okotober 1968. Ia merupakan badan yang bertanggungjawab dalam melakukan penyelarasan pentadbiran agama Islam di seluruh negara berdasarkan kepada bidangkuasanya yang termaktub dalam Peraturan Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia 1968 (Peraturan MKI 1968). Namun begitu, pada tahun 2022, peraturan ini telah dipinda bertujuan bagi menambahbaik tadbir urus MKI. Pindaan ini telah memberikan nafas baharu kepada kefungsian majlis ini serta beberapa jawatankuasa yang ditubuhkan di bawahnya. Oleh itu, kajian ini dikemukakan bagi meninjau pindaan yang telah dilakukan terhadap jawatankuasa fatwa yang merupakan salah satu jawatankuasa di bawah MKI. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif menggunakan metodologi analisis dokumen yang merangkumi buku, akta, enakmen, artikel penyelidikan dan juga Peraturan MKI. Kaedah temubual separa berstruktur dan penelitian secara komparatif juga telah dilakukan dalam mengulas perubahan yang berlaku terhadap jawatankuasa fatwa tersebut. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat beberapa pindaan telah dilakukan yang merangkumi penubuhan dan perlantikan, keanggotan, tugasan dan juga penjenamaan baharu jawatankuasa tersebut. Didapati pindaan yang telah dilakukan bertujuan memberikan nilai tambah kepadanya tanpa menjejaskan kefungsian asal jawatankuasa ini.

Rasuah Pilihan Raya: Analisis Hukum Dan Fatwa Di Malaysia Dan Indonesia

Nur Aina Abdulah — 2024-09-30

Rasuah merupakan perbuatan yang dilarang dan bersalahan dengan agama, akhlak dan undang-undang. Ia boleh berlaku dalam pelbagai cara dan peringkat, termasuklah dalam pilihan raya. Impak rasuah ini amatlah besar, bukan sahaja meruntuhkan akan sebuah masyarakat, malah negara keseluruhannya. Permasalahannya adalah isu-isu rasuah yang berlegar sekitar pilihan raya masih samar-samar belum dibincangkan secara terperinci dari persepektif Syariah. Oleh itu, objektif artikel ini adalah untuk menjelaskan hukum dan fatwa di Malaysia dan Indonesia berkaitan rasuah termasuk isu-isu yang berlegar ketika pilihan raya. Metodologi kajian kualitatif digunakan dengan kaedah pengumpulan data secara analisis kandungan dan tembual pakar. Data kemudiannya dianalisis secara tematik dan deskriptif. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa hukum asal sesuatu pemberian adalah harus dalam Syariah. Walau bagaimanapun, dalam isu pilihan raya, sekiranya pemberian itu mempunyai niat dan tujuan di sebaliknya, seperti untuk memancing undi dan mengubah kecenderungan politik, maka, hukumnya adalah haram dan perlu ditinggalkan kerana ia tergolong dalam perbuatan rasuah.

أعراف الزواج لدى قبيلة الباجون: دراسة تحليلية فقهية

Abdullatif Al-Raashid — 2024-09-30

This study investigates the marriage customs of the Bajuni tribe, who reside on the eastern coasts of Africa in Somalia and Kenya. The tribe maintains a variety of customs and traditions, among which are distinct marriage norms such as 'astrological timing' to determine the most auspicious moment for wedding ceremonies. This study aims to explore the marriage customs of the Bajuni tribe. This study employed an inductive approach to achieve the objectives, gathering relevant literature and sources and conducting open-ended interviews with guardians, clan heads, and married couples. The findings revealed twelve instances of non-compliance with Islamic law, evaluated according to Islamic jurisprudence. This study concluded with a series of recommendations, most notably the organization of scientific seminars to educate the community about deviant customs that negatively impact individuals and society.